Antibiotics for cystitis are prescribed after testing and identification of the causative agent of the disease.At the same time, tests are carried out to determine the sensitivity of bacteria to various drugs.Based on the information received, the doctor formulates the necessary treatment regimen to effectively fight the infection and prevent severe complications.
Efficiency
Pathogenic microflora are able to develop resistance to various drugs, so modern antibiotics have a broad spectrum of action, allowing them to destroy almost all pathogenic microorganisms.The most popular drug is Fosfomycin.
Antibacterial agents are available in powder form.This ensures its high bioavailability.The active ingredient destroys bacterial cells, relieving the main symptoms of infection.A wide spectrum of action and a minimal number of side effects allow Fosfomycin to be used for various forms of cystitis.
In an acute situation
In the case of an acute inflammatory process in the bladder, it is necessary to quickly stop the growth of pathogenic microflora and prevent the disease from becoming chronic.For this purpose, modern antibiotics with proven effectiveness are used.
For acute cystitis, Monural is often prescribed.Its main components are able to accumulate in the tissues of the urinary system and maintain a therapeutic effect for a long time.For uncomplicated infections, one application is sufficient.
For chronic
In the case of chronic cystitis, antibacterial agents should be chosen more carefully, based on test data.Depending on the sensitivity of the bacteria to various substances, the doctor determines the name, release form and dosage of the drug.
With blood
When inflammation of the bladder mucosa is accompanied by bleeding, the patient is most often hospitalized and given an antibiotic injection.Hemorrhagic cystitis poses a great health hazard.Therefore, the course of treatment takes place in a hospital under the supervision of a doctor.
Fluoroquinolones
In the complex therapy of cystitis, drugs from the group of fluoroquinolones are often used.This is a synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic that can interfere with the DNA synthesis of pathogenic bacteria.
Most fluoroquinolones are effective against gram-negative pathogenic microflora.At the same time, gram-positive microorganisms, such as streptococci, enterococci and pneumococci, as well as anaerobic bacteria, show resistance to these substances.
For the treatment of cystitis and other urinary tract infections, Norfloxacin and Ofloxacin are prescribed.Tablets have several contraindications.They should not be used by children under the age of 18, pregnant and lactating women, patients with renal, hepatic and cardiovascular insufficiency.
Cephalosporins
The cephalosporin group of antibacterial agents includes 5 generations of drugs that can destroy bacterial cell walls.Medicines are available in various forms: tablets, solutions and powders for injection, and in the form of suspensions.The peculiarity of the drugs is that they are characterized by relatively low toxicity.Antibiotics of this group in some cases are prescribed even to small children.
Side effects of cephalosporins often include nausea and vomiting or allergic skin reactions.For cystitis, the doctor may prescribe Cephalexin monohydrate, Cefixime, Cefaclor, Ceftriaxone.
Penicillin
The list of drugs included in the penicillin group is quite extensive, because this type of antibiotic was created earlier than others.The drug affects enzymes necessary for the synthesis of the cell wall of infectious agents.However, a large number of pathogenic microflora species have developed resistance to penicillin.Therefore, these drugs are used less and less to treat inflammatory processes in the urinary system.For cystitis, Ampicillin or Amoxicillin can be prescribed.
Hydroxyquinolines
Derivatives of 8-hydroxyquinoline are characterized by intense antimicrobial effects.This compound interferes with DNA gyrase synthesis in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, stopping further reproduction.From the hydroxyquinoline group, Nitroxoline is used in the complex treatment of cystitis.
This drug is prescribed when treatment with other drugs does not bring positive results.Antibiotics have many contraindications and can cause severe side effects, so it is strictly forbidden to use them without a doctor's recommendation.
Quinolones
The quinolone group of drugs with antibacterial effects was created based on nalidixic acid (nalidixic acid) and pipemidic acid (pipemidic acid).
Medicines in this series have proven themselves to be effective uroantiseptics, so they are often prescribed for the treatment of cystitis and other infectious diseases of the urinary tract.However, not all pathogens are sensitive to these antibiotics, so you should undergo an examination before starting treatment.
Nitrofurans
A class of synthetic antimicrobial agents called nitrofurans includes popular tablets such as nitrofurantoin and furazidine.
These drugs contain active components that are quickly absorbed into the blood from the gastrointestinal tract, penetrate into the lesions and accumulate in the urine and kidneys.Medicines stop the growth of bacteria and destroy them.The difficulty with using nitrofurans is that these drugs cause unwanted reactions in the body.
Macrolides
Medicines from the macrolide group are of natural origin, and they have a minimal toxic effect on the human body, therefore they are considered the safest antibacterial agents for cystitis.
For inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bladder, tablets such as Roxithromycin and Azithromycin are effective.Its active ingredient disrupts the synthesis of special enzymes in bacterial ribosomes.As a result, pathogenic microorganisms, including intracellular ones, die.Macrolides also stimulate the body's immune response.
Tetracycline
Antibiotics of the tetracycline group are able to destroy bacterial cell membranes.These drugs are active against gram-positive aerobic pathogens.Tetracycline drugs are effective against infections with certain gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria.
However, the spectrum of antibiotic action is relatively narrow compared to other drugs in this pharmaceutical field.Therefore, tetracyclines are prescribed only after receiving the test results.Doxycycline is most commonly used for cystitis.
Levomycetin
The main active ingredient included in drugs from the chloramphenicol group is a component whose properties are similar to the natural antibiotic chloramphenicol.Levomycetin and its analogues are effective against various types of pathogenic microflora.Antibiotics act bacteriostatically.
However, some pathogens of urinary tract infections have developed resistance to chloramphenicol.In addition, this drug has many contraindications.Therefore, for the treatment of cystitis, Levomycetin is prescribed only in cases where therapy with other drugs does not give a positive result.
Herbal medicine
To treat the inflammatory process in the organs of the urinary system, plant-based drugs are used.
Cranberry-based natural remedies are very effective against urinary tract infections.Berries have antibacterial and diuretic effects, helping to strengthen the immune system.
Contraindications
Antibiotics are powerful drugs and have several contraindications.Using medicines without consulting a doctor can lead to serious health consequences.During the treatment of infectious wounds of the bladder, you should strictly adhere to the urologist's recommendations, observing the prescribed dosage and duration of drug use.
During pregnancy
During pregnancy, most antibiotics are contraindicated, because the active components penetrate the placental barrier and can cause defects in the fetus.During pregnancy, herbal medicine is often prescribed.Doctors choose antibacterial agents for expectant mothers individually, in cases where the benefit to the woman outweighs the potential risk to the child.
When breastfeeding
During breastfeeding, strong drugs are also prohibited.Antibiotics used in the treatment of cystitis in women can harm the baby if the active ingredient is excreted in milk.It is recommended to transfer the child to artificial nutrition for the entire period of therapy.
For children
Children should not be given antibacterial agents without consulting a doctor.Some drugs are contraindicated at an early age.In addition, the dose of medicine in most cases is calculated based on the child's weight.
For men
Doctors always make a choice of antibiotics, taking into account not only the course of the disease, but also the general health of the patient.
For men with acute liver, cardiovascular and renal failure, cerebral atherosclerosis and other severe pathologies, some drugs are contraindicated.Some antibiotics negatively affect reproductive potential and function.This must be taken into account when taking medicine.
Complications
When the bladder becomes inflamed, there is a risk of complications affecting all pelvic organs.The infection can penetrate the kidney, causing severe pyelonephritis.Bacterial infections of the urinary tract are dangerous for women because of various inflammatory diseases of the reproductive organs.
If the patient does not follow the doctor's recommendations regarding the dosage of the drug and the duration of the therapy, then the pathogenic flora that causes the infection can develop resistance to the drugs and become chronic.It is very difficult to cure cystitis completely in this case.Chronic infections contribute to general poisoning of the body and decreased immunity.
Reviews
The best way to cure cystitis at home is to drink Fosfomycin.You only need one packet of powder.The next day, no symptoms.No side effects either.If I had not tried it myself, I would not have believed that in just one day you can get rid of pain, itching and constant trips to the toilet.This product is expensive, but effective.
Cheap products can also fight infections well.This is again proven by Fosfomycin and Ofloxacin.I took antibiotics and then herbal medicine to increase the effect according to the regimen recommended by the doctor.The symptoms of inflammation quickly passed, I stopped running to the toilet every half hour, and returned to normal life.I just need to take a course of probiotics to avoid dysbiosis.I have not noticed any more side effects.